3406e Injector Replacement - com: Fuel Injection Line Kit with Clamps, Fuel Line Hose ….

ran great and would recommend it. C15 Injector shown installed in the injector cup. com: Fuel Injection Line Kit with Clamps, Fuel Line Hose Kit Compatible for Caterpillar 3406 3406B 3406C, Engine Fuel Injector Replacement For 1917941 1917942 1917943 : Automotive. They sent me 1390538 camshaft which is rated for the …. Our OEM quality parts include everything from new loaded cylinder heads and inframe rebuild kits to exhaust manifold hardware kits, Cat 3406E rebuild kits, and more. Its primary function is to atomize the fuel and precisely control its injection into the cylinders. I have a 3406E in a ‘97 Peterbilt that will need a cam this summer-it’s starting to flake. When you hear this thing running it sounds and feels like it has a miss. O-rings as shown are preinstalled on the injectors. 4) Molding make, Perfect match for the original car. Subject: RE: cat 3406e antifreeze in fuel (with pictures) Between Omaha and Des Moines, 7 miles South of I80. Buy 3406 Fuel Lines, Fuel Injection Line Kit 6PCS with Clamps Replacement for CAT Caterpillar 3406 3406B 3406C Engine 1917941 1917942 1917943 1917944 1917945 1917946. If you need this tool, buy it on amazon with this link! https://amzn. The injector # is 1048993 the engine # is 2WS26554. This video is to inform anyone who is trying to install a new injector/jake harness on a cat 3406e or C15 from a 5ek right up to the mbn, . • 100% New Nozzle Replacement on C15 …. Nozzle for Injector CAT C13 Part Ref: PRKCAT-0012. Caterpillar Injector & Pump Parts, CAT 3406 E ( C15 ) Series Injectors , Nozzles for CAT 3406E - 3176C ( C10 -C15 - C12 - C13 ) Injectors, for diesel engine fuel pump spare parts, repair kits, oem parts, siemens bosch original part New Complete Replacement CAT Injectors ; CAT C6. APPLICATION -- For Caterpillar 3406E, C-15 and C-16. EUI Injectors Sage 2021-07-04T09:46:08-07:00. Replacement to OEM 83300495756 and includes 130190, 130191 and 130280. Injector cup replacement de UN 3406e Caterpillar. We would like to find a ECM that is 475hp and uses the 57 injectors. USED - Cat 3406E injector rocker arm, P/N 6I0899. When you service the electronic unit injector, replace the hold down bolts. The oring is right under the bushing you thread out on top. I ordered a replacement camshaft through YNG LLC. Caterpillar Injector & Pump Parts, CAT 3406 E ( C15 ) Series Injectors , Repair Kits for CAT 3406E - 3176C ( C10 -C15 - C12 - C13 ) Injectors, for diesel engine injection fuel pump nozzles, oem replacement parts catalog list and repair kit, common rail diesel, siemens, injection pdf and shim. Rotate the engine clockwise from the front until the pin goes in the pump. item 5 CAT 4C-5601 Spring Plunger Compressor Tool Zexel Nippondenso Fuel Injection Pump CAT 4C-5601 Spring Plunger Compressor Tool Zexel Nippondenso Fuel …. Order Injector Clamp Bolt for Caterpillar C15, 3406E 8S9191 at Highway and Heavy Parts. There’s even a decal on the box that states that the OEM recommends replacing the injector hold-down bolts every time. May 16, 2018 · How to Remove and Install a Cat 3406B or C Fuel Nozzle. Description: This is a professionally built remanufactured Injector for 1994-2003 Caterpillar 3406 engines. Put the new injector in the #4 hole. my dealer said to me it 10r8501 by the serial number of this engine but on my engine i have 3 injector number 0r9257 and 3 injector number(###) ###-####my engine run well with that for over 4 year until i have a trouble with valve that …. It was so well received that it found a home in many applications like earthmovers, farming machinery, pumps, etc. If the rear seal is not leaking that bad, wait till you have to replace the clutch and do it then. Caterpillar Injector Height Tool： Perfect fitment: Fits for Caterpiller 3406E, C-15 and C-16 Features: High quality Aluminum Alloy with red powder finish ensure great tolerance and good performance, which can serve your engine a long time! Application: Injector height is adjusted by injector height adjusting tool and lock-nut located at the …. I imagine the labor on all this is fairly ridiculous since the last time I paid for an injector replacement was $750 at cummins for an n14. They make a compound also that is the technical lube for the orings on injectors but I don’t use that myself. Schematic (C15, C18 and 3406E Marine Engine Electrical System. This is a video describing how to properly set the Cam Gear backlash on a 3406E or C15 engine. The Puller threads into the old cups to remove them from the bore of the engine. 33 eaton DS380s 00 Freightliner Classic XL C15. Caterpillar 3406E Injector Sleeve (OE# 2274239) Availability: In Stock Part Number: H2274239 All New CTP Replacement parts are warranted to be free of defects in material and manufacture workmanship under normal use and service. Plug on the side of the pump housing. instructions how to adjust fuel injection pump timmimg. This tool is used on CAT 3406E C10 C12 C13 C15 C-16 and C-18 Engines. 100% nozzle replacement on C15 injectors, NOP shim and stop and nozzle opening …. 116-1102 CAT 3176 C10 C12 Injector Tube Alt. Thanks for the help it is running much better. Package Contents: 1 * Fuel Injector. USED USED 3406E/C15/C15 CAT FUEL INJECTOR P/N: 191-3003 OR 0R9257. Fits Caterpillar 3406E truck engines with serial numbers beginning with 1LW & …. Makes the removal process quick and easy. Programming Fuel Injectors Explained, Caterpillar Fuel Injector Trim Codes, 3406e & C15 How to change injectors on a C15 CAT Engine. This injector sleeves tool 9U-6891 is for Works on Caterpillar (CAT) 3406E, C-10, C-12, C-15, C-16, and C-18 engines. C15, C16, 3406E Injector Tube O-Ring Kit 9X7430, 166-2904: Spare & Replacement Parts - Amazon. Parts for 3406 Caterpillar Engines. I have the cat 3406 book and it doesnt even mention the o rings in it. Place the appropriate feeler gauge (5) between the exhaust rocker arm and the exhaust valve bridge. 9 Symptoms of Bad fuel Injector; How to Diagnose and Clean? · 7. Replacement Options For Your Caterpillar 3406E Fuel Injector 2303728 | Caterpillar 3406E Fuel Injector, Remanufactured (10R8502) Key Features Of This Injector: Guaranteed to meet the requirements and lower …. This injector is able to be honed. Delphi 333-4004 Replacement Injector Solenoid For Caterpillar 3406E injectors Cross Reference: Caterpillar 333-4004Caterpillar 3334004Cat 333-4004Cat 3334004. Cat c15 remanufactured injector 10r1000C15 cat injector replacement 10r2772 cat c15 injectors for sale C15 injector remanufacturedInjector c15 cat electronic diesel unit. As mentioned, the average cost of fuel injector replacement can vary depending on several factors, such as the make and model of your vehicle, the severity of the issue, and your location. pdf SENR5016 – Disassembly and Assembly (3406E On-Highway Engine). This item: Complete Tractor 1703-3406 Fuel Injector Compatible with/Replacement for Case International - J929490 Jr929490 $47. This manual provides the exact procedures the factory recommends to do the job right. 0R4895 Item SKU: 24446053: Price: $0. Engine Applications: Injector Applications: Delphi/CAV Lucas DPS Pump Overhaul (Seal . This results in a lower "total cost of ownership". 23K views 5 years ago NEW KINGSTOWN. Caterpiller 3406E Injector Height Tool & Engine Barring Socket 9S9082 for Caterpillar (CAT) 3406E C-15 and C-16. 45A/R turbine housing for 700hp capability. Buy Fuel System Parts For Caterpillar 3406E Engine from HDKits. dr quinn wiki Nozzle - Capsule CAT 3406E 14. 1022014 | FUEL INJECTOR FOR CATERPILLAR 3406E, REMANUFACTURED. Caterpillar Injector & Pump Parts, CAT 3406 E ( C15 ) Series Injectors , Repair Kits for CAT 3406E - 3176C ( C10 -C15 - C12 - C13 ) Injectors, for diesel engine fuel pump spare parts, repair kits, oem parts, siemens bosch original part New Complete Replacement CAT Injectors ; CAT C6. With a clear understanding of the fuel system. Please confirm according to the correct part number instead of just a model!For the new aftermarket part, we advise you replace the whole set together, Because the oil …. Any advice or is there a way to take the rod out and. Hold the adjusting screw in this position and tighten the locknut (3) to a torque of 100 ± 10 N·m (74 ± 7 lb ft). We offer a wide range of replacement parts, including: Cylinder kit components Cylinder head components/valve train components Engine bearings and bushings In- and. Shop Single Fuel Injector O-Ring Kit for Caterpillar C15, 3406E 2481394 at Highway and Heavy Parts. BPS C15/C16 800 HP Caterpillar Engine Camshaft. Those are the highest two codes for E's @ 22. Engine Serial Number : Our injectors come with a 1 year part replacement. Used CAT 3406C Engine Fuel Injection Pump for sale. 100% O-ring replacement for proper sealing; Delphi offers full support for our Remanufactured 3406E Injectors: 12 month, unlimited-mileage warranty; R&R on …. Watch valvetrain solutions video. 3406B Remanufactured Fuel Injection Pump Caterpillar. 2) all pressure switches shown not pressurized. 1 x Injection Pump Overhaul Kit | MCB3406B. Going to be rebuilding my 3406E, most likely going with the cat platinum high GVW kit, usually gross 139,000lbs, wondering what injectors to spec with this kit? I'm looking to get into the 600hp at the crank range, don't want to get to crazy into running custom turbos, etc. RENR2383 - Schematic (C15, C18 and 3406E Marine Engine Electrical System) (For SN 9WR10000-UP, All Other SN 1-Up RENR9715 - Disassembly and Assembly (3406E and C15 Marine Engines) SEBU6959 - Operation & Maintenance Manual (3406E & 3456 Industrial Engines). com FREE DELIVERY possible on eligible purchases. Thank you : 3 : Caterpillar:3208 Series: 3208TA injectors: Hugh C Brock : 3 - 16-May-11 Reply: Hugh C Brock : 16-May-11 : I don´t know where the injector failed, so the why it failed is even harder to figure out. May 12, 2022 · About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright. 1-year accident protection plan from Allstate - $10. A MUST HAVE -- Alternative to 9S9082 and 9U-7227. In this video we injector trim files or calibration files are discussed. Remanufactured, Flow Matched Fuel Injector for Caterpillar 3406. As for the fuel leak at the head the inside fuel lines need to come off and be resealed. 3406 Cat Oil Pump and Oil Pan Install. CAT 3406B Engine Flywheel - Used Aftermarket / Replacement: Item Info: Cat 9N3246: Warranty Info. Cylinder 5 had not improved with a injector swap. 78 Get it as soon as Tuesday, Jan 23. put in new harness, clips and zip ties. Buy Solarhome New Fuel Injector Wiring Harness 122-1486 1221486 Compatible with CAT 3406E 3456: Fuel Injectors in Automotive Replacement Fuel Injectors. Posted 9/30/2009 01:47 (#865463 - in reply to #865425) Subject: RE: 3406B Injector Nozzles. Can I get the torque specs for the injector hold down, - Answered by a verified Technician We use cookies to give you the best possible experience on our website. coolers, cleaned heat exchangers, a new fuel cooler, new water pumps, valve adjustments, coolant flush. Our remanufactured fuel injectors for the Caterpillar 3406E resolve this issue quickly and efficiently. Cat Fuel Injectors and remanufactured injectors can make your diesel engines run more efficiently and reduce emissions and fuel consumption. 990 number which is what I set the height to. • Surface lapping of each critical component. 100% of the Critical Springs are replaced with NEW springs. 6L Engine Main Seal - New | P/N 1425867 $33. This is a replacement set of 2 thick feet (fingers), and screws for the universal liner puller (FEPRO6400) OEM: PT-6400-9A Minimum thickness of …. Does anyone know of a product by Permatex, etc. When it’s time for replacement, look no further than Diesel Parts Direct for a range of cylinder heads to suit the 3406b, 3406e and everything in between. Buy ZACHAGER Fuel Injectors for Caterpillar CAT 3406E 3456 Diesel Engine, Common Rail Fuel Injector Replacement Parts 211-3027 10R-0959: Automotive - Amazon. 1983 Freightliner Flc, 3406A, 525,000kms. HHP offers only premium aftermarket parts for your 3406E/C15 at a much lower price compared to the OE …. Applying Injector Trim Codes using Scan Tool. Delphi's remanufactured HEUI injector: critical component surface lapping ensures pressure sealing, 100% O-ring replacement for proper sealing. Step 8: Repeat for Each Injector Follow steps 5 to 7 for each injector on the 3406B CAT engine until all injectors have been removed. Please Call 1995 CAT 3406E Fuel Injector. Caterpillar (CAT) INJECTOR TIMING FIXTURE FOR USE ON THE 3406E CAT THIS IS A DIRECT REPLACEMENT FOR CAT 9U-7227. 7 lbs: Part Number: 10R8501: Reviews. Featured Best selling Alphabetically, A-Z Alphabetically, Z-A Price, low to high Price, high to low Date, old to new Date, new to old. There's even a sticker on the box that reminds you that it's OEM recommended to replace the hold-down bolts every time. Powerful Function: Used for quickly, correctly and easily adjusting fuel injectors to obtain a dimension of 78. It's a 93 cat 3406c peec 460hp 4ck serial #. 1974 CAT 3406A Engine Assembly, 290HP - Core Please Call. Hi i have a 3406e 1wl engine and i want to replace my injector but i have a little problem to find the right one. If a Cat Diesel Engine doesn't have good fuel pressure it can cause a lot of performance related issues. The injectors casually referred to as "57s" in the CAT community are an injector set commonly found in 550HP 3406E Caterpillar engines; the full part numbering being 10R0957 or 10R8501. It was acting like it had air in fuel on start up, sometimes the engine would surge and just rev up or knock like timing was off. 1 housing Front support Fuel – spin-on filter, priming and transfer pumps. It has about 780k original miles. Call 216 Caterpillar® 3406E/C15 Reman Injectors: February 2, 2017: Flyer: flyer: english: New Replacement Parts: January 15, 2017: Flyer: flyer: english: New. Mar 4, 2024 · CAT 3406E and C-Series Injector – Exploded View 4 CAT C7/C9 5 CAT 3500E Injector – Exploded View 6 Cummins® Celect ®; ISX Celect Injector Components and Kits 7 Celect Injector – Exploded View 7 Celect Spray Tips 8 Celect Reman Injectors 8 EUI Kits & Components 9 Celect Fuel Pump 9 ISX - XPI Exploded View 10 ISX - HPI Exploded View 11. Tighten lock-nut to a torque of 100 ± 10 N·m (74 ± 7 lb ft). 3406e Series Kit Kit Includes: Installation Tool Body (437-6562-49) Hammer Tool Assembly (437-6995-25) Note: This Kit is to "Remove & Install" the Caterpillar 3406E, C13, C15, C16 & C18 "Stainless Steel Injector Sleeves" with a "Threaded inside Diameter". It will move back in forth now after soaking in oil, but not as free as it should be. Sorry this is so long but I’m having a problem with a 3406E 5EK engine. This will also add the following products to your cart: 7W-7800 REFUNDABLE Core Charge (Terms and Conditions Apply) ••••••. SESV1712 - 3406E Engine Controls Electronic Unit Injection (Eui) Technical Presentation. What I am referring to is the steel sleeve that threads into the head and has an o-ring on the outside. The new puller bridge can be used on all three engines. Once that’s complete, our suppliers (who also supply the OEM’s) replace 100% of the critical components. Precious Metals kits are currently available for certain machine models with 3406, 3306, 3176, C-9 and C-15 engines. How to Replace a Brick - A loose brick may lead to further damage. Delphi offers full support for our Remanufactured E Series Injectors: 12 month, unlimited-mileage warranty. I can have a rebuild done between $12-$20k which includes the rear main work that needs done. I did a pressure test while the engine is running and it reads 60-65 psi, which is ok. when u have the pump off remove the plug, like the other guy told ya. Delphi C7, C13 and C15 injectors are supplied with a unique trim code developed during the remanufacturing process. Only one that we have found is from a motor that had 58 injectors. Nozzle for Injector CAT C12 Part Ref: PRKCAT-0011 / 251F851245. If you are at a lower rating you may need a different turbo or heads/injectors to achieve more power with-out to much heat. Nov 24, 2011 · 3 posts · Joined 2011. (Standard) Buy in monthly payments with Affirm on orders over $50. Delphi offers full support for our Remanufactured 3406E Injectors: 12 month, unlimited-mileage warranty. pdf SESV1712 – 3406E Engine Controls Electronic Unit Injection (Eui) …. O-Ring Kit Compatible with Caterpillar C15/3406E Injector Kit Set of 6 (External) Brand: INJECTOR DEPOT. The cam gear bolts torque to 175 foot pounds. com: Fuel Injector for Caterpillar 3406E/C15, Remanufactured 1913003 1408993 2113023 0R4119 0R4331 0R4894 : Automotive #50,987 in Amazon Renewed (See Top 100 in Amazon Renewed) #8,051 in Automotive Replacement Fuel Injectors: Date First Available : January 7, 2021 : Feedback. See Adept Ape's video how to do the pencil injectors:https://www. CAT INJECTOR ORING KIT PER INJECTOR 2481394. We're covering the Caterpillar 3406E diesel engine in detail. Get your high-quality replacement Fuel Injector (10R8502) from HHP! At Highway and Heavy Parts, you'll get a 10R8502 3406E / C15 Fuel Injector that has been manufactured in an ISO 9001:2015 certified facility, ensuring quality and consistency for your engine. Our CAT 3406E, C15, and C15 ACERT injectors are all going to come with brand new injector hold-down bolts. Fits Cat 3406E engines with serial numbers beginning with 1LW or 2WS. Comments8 ; Technically, A Headache! How to install Cat 3116 injectors and adjust the Rack. OEM Applications: 3406-C15 Injector Lever Bushing, 3406C15 Injector Lever Bushing, FP-40339576, FP40339576, MCB7121. 3406e injector replacement 387–9430 Injector Gp 3879433 Car Fuel Injector Assembly 387–9433 CAT C9 Engine Fuel Injector 7. Click HERE to determine what tool(s) are required for your application. Take off a 1/4cc for worn inj's. The excess fuel is returned to the tank. Dales Super Store - 3406E / C15 CAT Injectors. Removal and installation of an EUI injector on a CAT 3406e diesel engine. Key Features Of This Injector: 100% functionally …. Delphi 2000 - 2012 CAT C15 & 3406E Injector, Remanufactured. Diesel Parts Direct aftermarket parts are covered by a 12-month warranty. ATL X SERIES FUEL INJECTORS; CUMMINS. Replacement Options For Your Caterpillar 3406E Fuel Injector. 75K views · 4 Build Your 3406E For 650 Horsepower and a Million Miles! Peugeot DV6 Injector Removal #shorts # . None had the small o-rings on the tips. midea hyper heat You can help the Adept Ape Channel for free! Just click the Amazon Affiliate Link and any purchase helps the channel: https://www. and use a bolt copple inches long and turn the pump over till the bolt dropes down and then your at #1 on the pump. 6 Pcs Fuel Injector 10R-2782 118-9027 for Caterpillar CAT Engine 3406E C-15 Loader R2900. They can be purchased over-the-counter or with service at any Cat dealer location. Install the 8T3198 Tube over the 8T3199 Screw. You're guaranteed smoother RPMs, a crisper gas pedal, and more power!. Dale my daily driver:67 F100, 300 4V, cammed, 4 spd. They are typically found on top of the cylinder. This can be one of the most confusing parts on a C15 to set u. 3406e injector return line Discussion in 'Kenworth Forum' started by tsavory, Nov 1, 2014. Comes with the gaskets needed for installation and a 12 month warranty. Apart from taking labor costs out of the equation, you can work on your window on your own t. Page 1 of 2 1 2 Next > Nov 15, 2017 #1. By being aware of these mistakes, you can make. View Cart 3406 Remanufactured Fuel Injection Pumps. Jun 3, 2019 · E-cowlboy 9U-6891 Injector Sleeve Remover Installer Set+9U-7227 Injector Height Tool+J-38587-a Engine Barring Socket for CAT Caterpillar 3406E C-15 C-16 Engines (8 PCS) 4. Description Reviews (0) Description. com FREE DELIVERY possible on …. ATL Diesel’s kits come with premium parts to suit any upgrade. Watch from the best start to finish a C7 CAT . Jump to Latest Follow had a 93 pete long hood with a peec converted to mechanical. Caterpillar 9U-6891 3406E C10 C12 C15 C16 & C-18 Injector Sleeve Puller Tool Alt. Shop our inventory of rebuilt & used CAT 3406E 14. We do this to withstand the demands of these highly utilized engines where any downtime is a disaster. REMAN CAT 3406E DIESEL FUEL INJECTOR - 10R8502. 00 There are more repair options than listed above. com: 6PCS Fuel Injection Line Kit with Clamps Replacement for CAT Caterpillar 3406 3406B 3406C Engine Replace 1917941 1917942 1917943 1917944 1917945 1917946. kirideku rule 34 Restore performance to your 3406E,C15 Diesel Engine with the OEM-Like Quality Aftermarket Replacement 10R-0955 by Delphi. Replace your CAT diesel fuel injector with a OEM 3406E Cat Diesel Injector straight from the manufacturer. practice book grade 6 answers Not much on this whole page has been productive towards a 3406E. Also had several breaks in the insulation of the jake/injector wiring harness so pulled that out. Next 3176C, 3406E and 3456 Industrial Engines Troubleshooting – Diagnostic Code Cross Reference. Caterpillar 3406 4p-1381 Fuel Injection Pump. then I read setting should be 3. Cat® Land Drilling Bundled Repair Solution - Engine overhaul. com/4vuc4wv4Get the right component for your 3406E & connect with one of our ASE Certified Technicians today!!!844-447-1453Be sure. Call our Caterpillar parts specialist at 888-642-6460 Now. I have a 3406A Cat that sat for 15 years. you could check/have the govenor weights/carrier checked, along with the advance weights/carrier. 9U-6891 Alternative C11 C12 C13 C15 3406E INJECTOR TUBE SLEEVE CUP REMOVER & INSTALLER by Ferrum. Each injector is fully disassembled, thoroughly inspected, and all critical components are replaced to meet or exceed OEM performance. Shop our inventory of used & rebuilt CAT 3406E 14. CYLINDER HEAD - 3406 (BARE, DIRECT INJECTION) $2,254. Caterpillar model 3406 diesel engines for nonroad applications, model years from 1973 to 1995 with mechanical direct fuel injection: Retrofit Fuel, Max Sulfur: 15 parts per million (ppm) Reduction in particulate matter (PM) For replacement engine upgrades, Caterpillar must comply with the provisions in accordance with 40 CFR …. I have a 3406 E , originally factory was 475hp and with the bigger injectors it could be turned up to 550hp with the original software. He will be putting 3 used injectors in it. Part Info (305)688-1101 Request Info. Check out the deal on M10221 Injector Timing Fixture Caterpillar 3406E 9U-7227 at Apexinds. Scrappy Industries•33K views · 36 How To Change a 3406 Injector or C15 Injector on Cat engines. C15 CAT Injectors #10R-1273 (Set of 6) - 1050$+600$ CORE for sale online Check Details. Delivering to Lebanon 66952 Update location Automotive Parts & Accessories. To further expedite the creation of your account, please provide the following data. Use to quickly, correctly and Simply adjust fuel injectors in 3406E, C-15 and C-16 truck engines ; Put the tool on the injector to accurately adjust the Injector Height of the engine ，Helps to prevent screw rotation to complete timing ，Make your job esay and time saving。 1 x Caterpillar Injector Height Tool (3 in 1). Please note: This kit will not work on 3406E engines. Cylinder heads are an essential component of an engine, playing a crucial role in the combustion process. 10R1273; 10R9236; 239-4909 Your new injector will be shipped out to you immediately and you will have 30 days to return a good core and receive credit back to your card. the jackson sun obituaries Covers removal and installation, as well as some tips. Most engines use a total of 3 of this particular clamp. Usually the old design parts would take out the barrel necessitating a P&B replacement also. Read on to learn the history of the engine, common failures, serial numbers, and prefixes. Introducing the powerful caterpillar 3406e 14. SKU: P016335; Stock #: P016335; Brand: HHP; All parts listed to fit these manufacturers' models are replacement aftermarket parts. i06558969 In the United States, the maintenance, replacement, …. 3406 Diesel Truck Engine S/n 92U1 & up THIS IS A MANUAL PRODUCED BYJENSALES INC. Suction gun to evacuate the cylinder on Amazon Affiliate Link:. The test is available for the C4. This product is the EUI (electronic unit injector) for the CAT 3406E and C15 engine. Corrosion-resistant & Durable Aluminum Alloy …. Repeat steps 5 to 7 for each injector on your 3406B CAT engine until all injectors have been successfully removed. NOTE: Use the following steps to install the injector sleeves. It is as important as the o-rings, the nozzle or the plunger and ensures optimal engine performance by compensating for variations in injector flow and timing. Make an adjustment to the belt tension with Tool (A). I replaced the #4 injector with new cat injector and did a fine tuned overhead adj. Replace a brick quickly and easily with these easy-to-follow instructions. Order yours today! Get your high-quality replacement Fuel Injector (10R2977) from HHP! 3406E Injector Sleeve, New (2634920) 0R9056 | Caterpillar C15, 3406E Oil Cooler, New (0R5601) 3078322 | Caterpillar C15, 3406E. EDIT: I think it's 4 digits just like a 3500 electronic injector. This is a REBUILD SERVICE for your six (6) CAT 3406E injectors. Just curious what all is involved with …. 0 Powerstroke is typically located on the high-pressure oil pump cover, at the front of the engine, near the turbocharger. Click Start to program all the injector trim codes to the Engine Control Module. EX630957 | Caterpillar 3406E/C15 Delphi Fuel Injector, Remanufactured. Fuel lines for Caterpillar 3406 diesel engines. Remove the bolts, rear governor housing (3) and the …. I did not replace or touch the injectors, or rebuild the turbos (just cleaning). Condition: Remanufactured Brand: Caterpillar Core Charge on each injector + freight - MINIMUM 6 INJECTORS Cross-refe. Make sure to clean the injector bore up and use clean oil on the injector when you install the injector. The "Cylinder Cutout Test" is used to isolate a malfunctioning injector in order to avoid replacement of injectors that are in good repair. Hi, I just recently bought a '97 FLD120 with the 3406e 455hp engine. Purchase our Delphi CAT 3406E/C15/C16 EUI Injector Honed …. fuel injection line to an injection valve and injection pump must be kept tight. Jul 24, 2009 · It still has the 4 digit code of the new injector in the ECM with the old injector in. Part Number: 10R-7231 Applicable models: Fit for Caterpillar CAT 3406E C15 C18 C27 C32 Engine Feature: 1) Material: high quality ABS & Metal finish 2) Stable characteristics, high reliability. 23 brakesaver on/off 298 354 419 453 461 12v power (key on) cruise control "on" light data link (-) check engine light. 3 PSD crew cab 4X4 Lariet, DP Tuner ECM, sonnax/tri springs, 3" lift, 305/70R16' …. A diagram of the Cat 3406 fuel system can help technicians and operators visualize the flow of fuel and understand how each component interacts with the others. In this "know your engine" series episode we will be discussing the Cat 3406B engine. Posted 6/9/2013 15:34 (#3146104) Subject: Cat 3406B water leak. 00 each set Cross reference: EX630958, 10R0958, 0R4118, 0R4668, 0R4893, 0R9258, 1026230, 1171146, 1171148, 1189025, 1523680, 1913004, 2113024, 2113027 Cores must be returned in 45 days in order to collect full core credit. The 650 Hp file actually has a shorter injector pulse width to hold the injector open for less time, because it has bigger injectors in the engine to flow more fuel in less amount of time. The question is when he changes them out what is the hold down bolt torque spec. Caterpillar Work Padfolio Including Notepad and Solar Calculator, Zip. 1 Year Warranty, Quality Service, Delivery in 2-Days or Less to most areas. Guaranteed! Rubber Tracks of America has met the OEM quality standards. Quality Parts, 2 Years Warranty. or, 08 Subaloser Forester, 2" lift. 80% of the components in ATL X Series injectors are replaced with new, higher quality components. Repair Kit Injector CAT 3126 E Part Ref: A1-23630. 5:1 make this engine truly desirable. Injector c15 remanufacturedFlight diesel fuel injector, cat 3406e/c15/c16. part time leasing agent jobs Buy Solarhome New Fuel Injector Wiring Harness 122-1486 1221486 Compatible with CAT 3406E 3456: Fuel Injectors This item can be returned in its original condition for a full refund or replacement within 30 days of receipt. We do this to withstand the demands of these highly. Replace Part Number:CA1221486,122-1486,1221486. This pressure is controlled by the injection pump’s internal mechanisms, such as the plunger and barrel assembly. Diesel Parts Direct aftermarket parts are covered by a …. Built to OE specifications, 1 Year Unlimited Mileage Warranty, Delivery in 2-Days or Less to Most Areas. 1 x Governor Group Gasket | 1440480. 5,Remove puller stud from the injector sleeve. If you are unsure if this Fuel Injection Line Kit will work for your application, please give us a call with your engine serial number and we would be happy to assist. I finally found a good looking 7E5888 mechanical pump for $500, complete with governor and advance, and just …. NOTE: Use only approved retaining compound 4C-9507, 185-3988 or Loctite 620 on electronic unit injector sleeve only and. Install cover (3) and make sure the spring is in the correct position in the cover. there is some material transfer on the injector rocker arm roller. 3406E TRUCK ENGINE Electronic Unit Injectors. Specification: Manufacturer: Caterpillar Part Number: 10R8502 Maker Compatibility: Caterpillar Year(s): 1994-2003 Engine(s): 3406, 3406E Cross Reference Part Number(s): EX630958, 10R0958, 0R4118, 0R4668, 0R4893. All injector sets go through dynamic and static testing to confirm matching fuel delivery, atomization, and timing. Buy 9U-6891 Injector Sleeve Cup Remover & Installer Set for CAT Caterpillar 3406E C10 C12 C15 C16 C18: Fuel Injectors This item can be returned in its original condition for a full refund or replacement within 30 days of receipt. 00 each set Cross reference: EX630958, 10R0958, 0R4118, 0R4668, 0R4893, 0R9258, 1026230, 1171146, 1171148, 1189025, 1523680, 1913004, 2113024, 2113027 Cores must be returned in 45 days in order to …. GOOD RUNNER (GOOD USED/ RUN TESTED/ FULLY INSPECTED) 1995 Caterpillar 3406E Diesel Engine (40PIN), Serial # 5EK45831, AR # 114-4468, 475HP @ 1800 RPM Rated, 14. Retaining Compound Green 620 Sleeve Retainer High Strength …. 5 inches before the peak of the lobe. if you are leaking oil there, replace the o-ring. Sep 12, 2009 · My Dad has a Cat 3406E and he has 3 bad injectors. The dimension is measured from the top of the unit injector lifter to the machined ledge of the fuel injector body. Produced and tested using the latest OEM technology and tooling available. Make an adjustment to the valve lash on the exhaust valves for cylinders 1, 3, and 5. R & R on qualifying Delphi remanufactured warranty claims. lml belt diagram High-quality remanufactured set of diesel injectors for Caterpillar 3406E with new solenoid Condition: Remanufactured Core deposit: $1,200. (if that was the issue, I would probably replace the fuel return check valve; because you already had replaced fuel filters, (3406E injector. It’s set at 550 hp, no modifications have been done to it to my knowledge. 12-Month Unlimited Mileage Warranty. I have a 2000 Pete with a 3406E CAT, serial # 2WS35715, Its been turned up to a 550 and then some with 6999 codes. Fits Caterpillar 3406E part number 10R2781, 10R8501. Injector height should be properly maintained if maximum performance and economy are to be obtained. During engine operation, fuel injectors (2) receive fuel from the low pressure fuel system. The two loose pieces are used with the threaded rod for installation. The ATL X Series Fuel Injectors Legacy. SOLD1997 Western Star 4964FX double frame tri-axle dump truck, 3406C Cat Power, 8LL, 46K rears on Chalmers, lots of lights, Sirius radio 2001 F-250 7. Tighten to a torque of 30 ± 7 N·m (22 ± 5 lb ft). Stop wasting money on set after set and purchase a quality fuel injector, truly remanufactured to the specifications your engine deserves. Now fuel injector installation. This video goes over the proper component identific. Remanufactured to OEM specifications, giving you proper fit and function. Replacement premium diesel injectors 10R0957, 0R9257, 10R8501, EX630957 for the Caterpillar 3406E diesel engine. Perform the “Injector Solenoid Test” at least two times. This is an old 6nz core head we had laying around and wanted to show you how to remove and install i. 6L Engine Fuel Injector, P/N 10R0956 for sale. Diesel injectors, turbos and nozzle honing products for sale. I'm not really familiar with the 3406, so I have a few questions that I hope you guys can help me with. The 99 series idle a bit better, but have the same fuel uprate (2. (double checked) :canadaCanadian Club member 27 :canada. For use on Caterpillar models: 3406, 3406B, 3406C, 980G, 980F, D8R, D8N, 826C, D400E Kit contains the following items: If you are unsure if this Fuel Injection Line Kit will work for your application, please give us a call with your engine serial number and we would be happy to assist. With the #1 cylinder at top dead center (TDC). Call for Availability (717) 235-4996. Caterpillar 3406E Flow-Matched Fuel Injectors (10R8502) Fighting engine flutter, missing at idle, and smelling raw fuel from the stacks are likely due to poor quality fuel injectors. can you get transcripts of text messages from verizon how to open a labcorp franchise When we bought and fired it up it was stuck wide open. 3406E injector cups Discussion in 'Heavy Duty Diesel Truck Mechanics Forum' started by Gumper, Jun 26, 2018. Adept Ape · 45K views ; Caterpillar C15 / 3406E . But when I test drove it the turbo never past more than 5 lbs of boost. Dec 29, 2020 · This will replace the injector solenoid with a short circuit. (15) Remove control valve snap rings and washers. Buy 3406E C15 CAT CATERPILLAR INJECTOR ROCKER ARM NON-ACERT 2748093 1 YEAR -> 9311: Spare & Replacement Parts - Amazon. Warranty available nationwide through our Authorized. Jun 3, 2022 · How to replace injector cups on a C15 CAT Diesel engine. cat 3406 fuel pump plunger cap seal o ring replacement cat 3406 fuel pump fuel leaking from plunger cap cat 3406 marine engine fuel pump. This camshaft does not work well with small injectors like 8501's or 8502's. If links are OK from instruction. Delphi supports Remanufactured 3406E Injectors with full assistance and high-quality seal kits, crucial for peak injector performance. Fuel Injectors > 3406E ; Inframe Kits > 3406E ; Overhaul Kits > 3406E ; Crankshafts > 3406E ; Camshafts > 3406E ; Turbos > 3406E ; Oil Coolers > 3406E ; Water Coolers > 3406E ; Call Us For Availability on the Caterpillar 3406C Fuel Injectors. Search for products Search Call: (903) 527-5854. I've been on ULSD for about a month but the motor had 7920 hours on it. All Cat Diesel Truck engines have Fuel Transfer Pumps, it is good idea to know how they work and how to change them. Buy Mekar Automatic Engine Timing Pin with Adapter Compatible for Caterpillar 3200, 3300, 3406, 3408,C-7, C-9, C-11, C-13, C-15, C-16 TDC Valve/Injection Timing,Replace J-42083: Sets & Kits - Amazon. With its innovative design and engineering, the 3406E has set new standards in power, efficiency, and durability in the industry. 1 x Fuel Pump Gasket | 1440481. 2401 jackson ferry road Shop for Caterpillar (CAT) C15 Diesel Engines | ProDiesel Engine Parts | Remanufactured Injector 10R1273 | OE# 2394909, 2490709. The good thing about that is that on this particular engine you can replace the injector cups without removing the cylinder head as long as you have the proper tools. Cat 3406E injector replacement, forgot the manual at the shop. HHP offers only premium aftermarket parts for your 3406E / C15 fuel injector at a. This manual set will provide the information you need to service, repair, diagnose & overhaul the mechanical portion of this engine. CAT 3406 C15 10R9055 injector. Do you have any codes? Edited by Austin 12/20/2015 15:33. Delivery: Estimated between Thu, Apr 25 and Sat, Apr 27 to 23917. 3 heui injector Contact Person: David Whatsapp: China Lutong Parts Plant is a manufacturer specialist diesel fuel injection system accessory. EX635919 3406E & C15 CAT Injector Replaces 10R1000, 229-5919 CORE NEED IT injector will not be shipped until we receive a good core from you. 100% nozzle replacement on C15 injectors, NOP shim and stop and nozzle opening pressure (NOP) spring. You won’t be able to tell they aren’t new, and you can get them at a very low price. Call for dependable 3406C fuel injection pump help. 3406 Injector Line Kit w/Clamps Fits : 3406, 3406B, 3406C, 980F, 980G, D8R, D8N, 826C, D350E Rubber Tracks of America Engine Parts. 3406 (Industrial Engine) Parts Manual 81808328-02 Nov 2018 6TG03416 & 6TG03417 Ar. 5a 2113025 10R0955 8991483 5a 2113022 10R0956 8991484 5a 2530616 10R3265 8991485 5a 2915911 10R7230 8991486 5a 2113023 10R8501 8891481. The trim code is a part of the injector. These tools fit N13 N14 N18 N20 N26 N43 N53 N54 N55 N63 N73 S55 S63 B38 B48 L6 V8 and MINI N14 N18 L4 Engine Fuel Injectors. The injector fires when the ECM tells it to not when the Cam tells it to so another words the injector is travelling through its stroke long before the ECM tells it to fire. The injectors casually referred to as "58s" in the CAT community are an injector set commonly found in 550HP 3406E Caterpillar engines; the full part …. The C15 by Caterpillar was a successor to its 3406E line of engines. Stainless Steel Injector Sleeve for 3406E Caterpillar. There is no known repair of the seat. Warning California Proposition 65 Information. com; Headquarters: 5015 N Dickenson Rd Coleman, MI 48618 Mon - Fri 7:30am - 5pm EST Saturday 8am-3pm EST; Resources. Comments208 ; How To Change a 3406 Injector or C15 Injector on Cat engines · 241K views ; CAT C7 Injector Cup removal and installation. The cam has wear on #1 and # 4 injector lobe starting about 2. Part Name: Diesel Fuel Injector. When a fuel injector fails, that takes you off the road and takes money out of your pocket. ITrack ProCA Truck Parts Opa-Locka FL. If you are looking to upgrade or replace a component of your Caterpillar 3406B/C engine, we have got you covered with our 3406B/C Cat engine overhaul kits. yes bad injector can and will cause fuel in the oil. Check the timing after each one. Buy For Caterpillar(CAT) 3406E, C-15, C-16 TDC valve/Injection Timing Service Tool Kit-J 42083 Automatic Timing Lock Pin with Adapter, 9U-7227 Injector Height Adjustment Gauge Tool & Engine Barring Socket: in Automotive Replacement Fuel Injectors. If an injector is changed or removed it is a good idea to set the injector height on Cat engines. FEATURES: CAT Part # 10R-1273 Remanufactured, OEM-Like Quality Aftermarket Replacement, There is a refundable core charge associated with this product. new couplers, and a #5 injector. Condition:New Aftermarket Part Note:For the new aftermarket part, we advise you replace the whole set together, Because the oil output and atomization concentration of Genuine and aftermarket parts are different, they cannot be mixed to work for the same …. It’s a 50/50 mixture of the compound and clean oil. Remove the bolts, fuel ratio control (1) and shutoff solenoid (2) from rear governor housing (3). com FREE DELIVERY possible on eligible purchases in Automotive Replacement Fuel Injectors. bad injector will usually have very audible engine miss and heavy black smoke. This diagram can be an invaluable tool for diagnosing fuel-related issues, such as low fuel pressure, fuel leaks, or injector problems. 0R-4740: Cat® Reman Air Compressor. Elbow replacement is surgery to replace the elbow joint with artificial joint par. Company is producing OEM Quality replacement parts & repair kits for new generation . All nozzles include AFM (Abrasive Flow Machining) to fillet/round the edges of the. When it comes to windshield replacement, there are a few common mistakes that people often make when considering the costs involved. Search our large inventory of New/Rebuilt/Used CAT 3406B Engine Fuel Injection Pumps for sale. If you have any questions about the product, please tell us via live chat or email. Somtimes when you loosen either inner or outer, the older adapters will spin inside the keeper. Caterpillar Truck Injector Sleeve Cup Tube Remover and Installer Tool Set for CAT Engine 3406E C10 C12 C15 C16 C18 Heavy Duty OEM Alternative to 9U-6891. 79 KW K100C 400BC1, Holset HT4B hybrid. 6L Engine Wiring Harness - Used | P/N 1381011. Open air purge screw (1) for the fuel filter by three full. Here are some key aspects of the 3406E ECM tuning process: Adjusting Fuel Delivery and Timing: Fine-tuning the fuel delivery and injection timing is at the heart of Caterpillar 3406E ECM tuning. To replace the fuel injector seals, you need to remove the fuel injectors from the engine. 10222 - Injector Sleeve Remover/Installer w/guides - CAT 3406E/C12 & C15 (*9U-6891) Original price $229. Includes alternatives to 9U6877 Thrust Bearing, …. You're lucky to have never had a stripped bushing. New Single Fuel Injector Replacement suitable for Caterpillar Equipment; Made to USA Specification; Buy with Confidence: All parts are covered by our warranty. Ran an injector cutout test and individually every injector tests fine, but when you do the 4 cylinder cutout, injector 1-3 read 3. The engine has missmatched injectors in it …. Line up the slots, and drop the pump in. 5 Caterpillar® C7/C9 *Parts Available M-3190677RK* - C7/C9 Fuel Pump Kit* Misc. #RepairingCaterpillarD3406DieselPump | How Rebuild Cat Fuel Injection. Use a ladies foot pry bar to get the injector out. A car jerks because of a clogged fuel injector, a dirty fuel filter or because the transmission is about to fail. TOP QUALITY -- Corrosion-resistant & Durable Aluminum Alloy construction with extreme anti-wear property. 370832R91 SEDIMENT BOWL ASSEMBLY for INTERNATIONAL H M MD 460 560 660 656. 3406E TRUCK ENGINE Injector Sleeves. The fuel is then injected into the cylinder. Get the right fuel injectors for your engine & speak to one of our ASE Certified Parts Technicians, today! Call us at 844-447-1453. Sep 9, 2006 · 3406E injector cups. This ensures proper sealing with OE. Work on CAT 3406E C10 C12 C15 C-16 and C-18 Engines ; Designed to remove and install the injector sleeve quickly and easily ; Save yourself or your company time and money with this CAT Injector Cup / Sleeve Puller and Driver set ; Included 9U6877 Thrust Bearing, 9U7258 Driver Cap, 221-9778 Puller Stud, 4K-0367 Nut - Full, …. I set all the valves and the jake brakes. REPLACEMENT OPTIONS FOR YOUR Caterpillar 3406E Fuel Injector 1022014 | FUEL INJECTOR FOR CATERPILLAR 3406E, REMANUFACTURED. I usually use a washer and braze, silver solder it together. When it comes to taking care of your watch, battery replacement is an important part of the process. It provided owners with the advantages of a mechanical motor along with the benefits of an electrical one. It features 6 high-quality remanufactured injectors, with honed tips and matched flow rates for reliable performance. Do not hesitate to call us at 888. The reason for this is all the extra fuel to build the 600 hp is in the file. I'm curious if you mic your pin height on the non adjustable what it comes to. Remove driver cap and puller stud. Experience the difference Highway and Heavy Parts can do for you and your diesel engine. 6L Engine Rocker Arm, P/N S-28405 for sale. EX630957 3406E & C15 CAT Injector Replaces 10R0957, 10R2781, 10R8501, 0R4119, 0R4300, 0R4331, 0R4894, 0R9257, 103-4562, 109-5021, 117-0482, 118-8010, 118-9030, 140-8993, 159-2479, 191-3003, 211-3023 CORE NEED IT injector will not be shipped until we receive a good core from you. E-cowlboy J-42083 Automatic Timing Pin+9U-7227 Injector Height Adjustment Gauge Tool+Engine Barring Socket for Caterpillar CAT 3406E C-15 C-16 (3 Tools). Find many great new & used options and get the best deals for 227-4239 CAT Caterpillar 3406e Engine Injector Sleeve Cup 2274239 at the best online prices at eBay! Free shipping for many products!. Cylinder Head Stage: Stage 2 (Included) Stage 2 (Included) Stage 3. In no way is it implied that the products listed to fit these manufacturer’s models. shop dedicated entirely to Cat’s legendary 3200, 3300, & 3400 family of engines. As always, your satisfaction is guaranteed!. - 100% New Nozzle replacement on C15 Injectors - Ensures correct flow and atomization - Nozzle 100% flow tested on 3406E Injectors - C15 solenoids are replaced as needed Seal Kit(s): HTK112:. Discussion in ' Trucks [ Eighteen Wheelers ] ' started by prerunner404, Nov 15, 2017. Works on Caterpillar C-10, C-12, C-15, C-16, C-18 and 3406E engines. At Highway and Heavy Parts, you'll get a Flow Matched Fuel Injector that has been manufactured in a certified facility, ensuring quality and consistency for your Caterpillar 3406E/C15. A quick how to on installing a rear main seal on a Caterpillar 3406E. Remove button (6) from adjuster screw (7) in unit injector rocker arm (2). 5EK 3406E, i need the torque specs for the plate behind the…. Cat® Precious Metals In-frame Engine Overhaul Kits. Warranty: These injectors include a standard 12 . Buy Oni Tools CAT Injector Sleeve Cup Remover & Installer Set for Caterpillar 3406E C10 C12 C15 C16 C-18 Engine 9U-6891 OEM Replacement: Tool Sets - Amazon. For more information about the. the PW will control the duration of injection which will never be as much as the cam can actually deliver. 6L Engine Fuel Injector for sale. 10R0959 | Caterpillar 3406E/C15 Flow Matched Fuel Injector, Remanufactured. *1986 IH 9670 400 Cummins, 13, 3. Matt & I install our brand new fuel transfer (lift) pump on the 3406B CAT in Orwell (1984 Peterbilt 362). It is also built to strict specifications for proper. If the injector hold down bolt is loose during the re­ moval procedure, inspect the injector bore for wear and debris. Each are expertly rebuilt using only new components for long-lasting and smooth engine operation. There are factory CAT engines with dual scroll pumps that use 7000 series nozzles. CAT 3406E INJECTOR ROCKER ARM, P/N 6I0899: ROCKER ARM: ROCKER ARM: CAT 3406E ROCKER ARM ASSEMBLY( DOES NOT INCLUDE BOLTS), CAST#'S 103-2051, 108-5896: Cast#: Aftermarket / …. Hey guys had a number 5 injector go so when I pulled them we didn’t know the history of how long they were in so I replaced them all. Refer to Testing and Adjusting, “Fuel Quality – Test”. remove the injectors and sleeves clean them intall new O rings and put them back in the head I then performed a valve and injector adjustment. Over time, much like its older brother, it became renowned for being a trusty workhorse. 9U-6891 Alternative C11 C12 C13 C15 3406E INJECTOR TUBE SLEEVE CUP REMOVER & INSTALLER Ferrum. Great for a stock 550HP engine, or one turned up slightly with a tune, manifold, or 78MM turbo. Order CAT 3406 fuel injectors online at Bell Performance Diesel. Choose the option to send cores in prior to. portable carports amazon 00 each set Cross reference: 10R2781, 0R9257, 0R4119, 0R4300, 0R4331, 0R4894, 1034562, 1095021, 1170482, 1188010, 1189030, 1408993, 1592479, 1913003, 2113023, EX630957, 10R0957 Cores must be …. Note: A sight glass in the low pressure supply line is helpful in diagnosing air in the fuel. available for orders between $1 - $2,000 ⓘ. Farr West, Utah, US Stock # 317. com ! This video illustrates how the Caterpillar C15 / 3406E injectors are disassembled, repaired assembled and tested. It can work for the Caterpillar CAT 3406E Engine. Injector height tool Fitment: Replacement for Caterpillar (CAT), 3200 series C15/C16 Product Info: Material: aluminum alloy,steel part number: 9U-7227 9S9082 3406E J-38587-A. Step 4: Locate the Injectors Identify the location of the injectors on the 3406B CAT engine. My local place said no problemsame core group. Seating surface of injector to head is below the injector cup. #3 · Jan 4, 2011 (Edited) The measurement is 3. It can be a tricky process, however, so it’s important to know what you’re doing b. the distance from the machined place at the soliniod base to the top of the spring retainer is 78. Put the injector height tool on the injector to accurately adjust the injector height of the engine. chicago ts 4 rent Nelson Seals External O-Ring Kit for Caterpillar C15/3406E Injectors - FKM. The image shows the tool assembled to remove cups. If damaged, replace as necessary (torque to 150 in. The injector torques to 37 foot pounds. Buy Injector Sleeve Oversize For Caterpillar 3406E | 3453399 | From HD Kits at Discounted Rates, Quality Parts, Free Shipping. 1) schematic for caterpillar 3406e/3176 engines in conventional models.